Mondo films are a subgenre of exploitation films and documentaries, dealing with bizarre, obscene, or sensationalistic phenomena, cultures, or lifestyles, which can be classified as underground. The most common themes in Mondo movies are extravagance, sex and violence (showing executions, lynchings, cannibalism, etc). The term "mondo" comes from the Italian word "world".
The term shockumentary is sometimes used to name the genus, however, they are also considered distinct genera.
The genre has existed for many years, but it was in the 1960s that its popularity began with the release of films such as "Mondo Cane" (1962), directed by the Italian Gualtiero Jacopetti, nominated for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and the Academy Awards for Best Soundtrack, "La donna nel mondo" (1963) and "Africa Addio" (1966). The most representative film of the genre is "Faces of Death" from 1978, where spectacular accidents, autopsies, animal slaughters and even an execution in the electric chair are shown, being censored in more than 28 countries and which inspired numerous filmmakers of the genre, in the following years.
The genre has been very controversial, generating accusations of racism, frivolity, morbidity and cruelty, causing it to go underground or underground.